Dr. Christopher Daly of the Spatial Climate Analysis Service
at Oregon State University.
Publication_Date: 20020918
Title: Hawaii Average Monthly or Annual Mean Temperature,
1961-90
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Corvallis, Oregon, USA
Publisher:
Spatial Climate Analysis Service at Oregon State
University (SCAS/OSU)
Description:
Abstract:
This data set contains spatially gridded average
monthly and annual mean temperature for the climatological period 1961-90
for the Hawaiian Islands. Distribution of the point measurements to a spatial
grid was accomplished using the PRISM model, developed by Christopher Daly
of SCAS/OSU.
Purpose:
Display and/or analyses requiring spatially
distributed monthly or annual mean temperature for the climatological period
1961-90.
Supplemental_Information:
There are many methods of interpolating climate from monitoring stations
to grid points. Some provide estimates of acceptable accuracy in
flat terrain, but few have been able to adequately explain the extreme,
complex variations in climate that occur in mountainous regions. Significant
progress in this area has been achieved through the development of PRISM
(Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model). PRISM is
an analytical model that uses point data and a digital elevation model
(DEM) to generate gridded estimates of monthly and annual temperature
(as well as other climatic parameters). PRISM is well suited to regions
with mountainous terrain, because it incorporates a conceptual framework
that addresses the spatial scale and pattern of orographic processes.
Temperature was modeled monthly. An annual grid was produced by averaging
the monthly grids.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 19610101
Ending_Date: 19901231
Currentness_Reference:
Climatological period from
which the point observations were taken.
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:
None planned for
the 1961-90 climatological period. This data set may be updated in the
future for the new 1971-2000 climatological period.
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate:
-160.293750
East_Bounding_Coordinate:
-154.7604176
North_Bounding_Coordinate:
22.25208313
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.872917
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: raster data
Theme_Keyword: mean temperature
Theme_Keyword: grid cell
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Hawaii
Access_Constraints: Access pursuant to license agreement
Use_Constraints:
Use pursuant to license agreement
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Christopher Daly, Director, SCAS
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address:
Strand Ag Hall 316, Spatial Climate Analysis Service, Oregon State University
All data were based on the same averaging period (1961-1990). Similar quality
assurance procedures were used with all input data sets.
Completeness_Report:
Point estimates of mean temperature originated from the National Climate
Data Center, Asheville, NC, USA.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Accuracy of this data set is based on the original specification of the
Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) 1 degree digital elevation models (DEM). The
stated accuracy of the original DEMs are 130 m circular error with 90% probability.
Terrain surface input to PRISM model for estimation of mean temperature
between known points.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
It is beyond the scope of this metadata to document the processes
involved in generating spatially gridded mean temperature using the
PRISM model. However, the processes are documented in numerous conference
proceedings and journal articles. The references can be found online
at <URL:http://www.ocs.oregonstate.edu/prism/>
.
Process_Date: 200204
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
Row_Count: 811
Column_Count: 1328
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: .0041666666
Longitude_Resolution: .0041666666
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum 1927 (NAD27)
Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866
Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.9786982
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: average mean temperature grid cell value
Entity_Type_Definition: ASCII values
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: Self-evident
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: average mean temperature grid cell value
Attribute_Definition: spatially gridded average mean temperature
Attribute_Definition_Source:
Daly, C., R.P. Neilson, and D.L. Phillips, 1994: A Statistical-Topographic
Model for Mapping Climatological Precipitation over Mountainous Terrain.
J. Appl. Meteor., 33,140-158.
Daly, C., W. P. Gibson, G.H. Taylor, G. L. Johnson, P. Pasteris.
2002. A knowledge-based approach to the statistical mapping of climate.
Climate Research, in press.
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: 18
Range_Domain_Maximum: 277
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: Degrees C times 10
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: <=-9999
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: no data available or outside
of range domain
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: Spatial Climate Analysis
Service PRISM Project
This is a license agreement and not an agreement for sale. This agreement
between the end user (Licensee) and The Climate Source (TCS) grants certain
limited rights to use proprietary climate data (the Database) distributed
by TCS. All rights not specifically granted in this agreement are reserved
to TCS. Licensee acknowledges that the Database may contain some defects,
errors, or inconsistencies. TCS does not warrant that the Database will
meet the needs of the Licensee or that all defects can or will be corrected.
TCS assumes no responsibility for decisions, judgments, or analyses which
are based in any way on the Database.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ARC/INFO ASCII Grid; XYZ; custom formats available
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media: CD ROM
Recording_Format: ISO 9660
Fees: Packaged price per CD
Technical_Prerequisites: CD ROM drive with ISO 9660 software driver